In this paper, based on 2001~2012 panel data, using the gravity model of trade, we measure bilateral trade flows and trade potential of Xinjiang and the Eurasian Economic Community. The results show that trading partners’GDP, having a common boundary, membership of the SCO and the WTO have positive effect on the bilateral trade flows of Xinjiang and the Eurasian Economic Community while distance and size of population have a negative effect on the bilateral trade flows. Bilateral trade of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan features the potential to form, that of the Eurasian Economic Community and Tajikistan features the potential for exploiting，and that of Russia and Belarus features the huge potential.