This paper studies the influence of bilateral relations on China’s foreign contracted projects by using the cross-country panel data of China’s foreign contracted projects along the Belt and Road Initiative countries from 2002 to 2015. The results show that bilateral relations have a significant effect on China’s foreign contracted projects, and the stable political environment of the host country can enhance the effect of bilateral relations on foreign contracted projects. The conclusion has important theoretical value and practical significance. It not only provides a strategic choice for the development of foreign contracted projects in countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, but also provides positive empirical evidence to strengthen the exchanges and cooperation between China and the countries along the Belt and Road Initiative and actively implements the Belt and Road Initiative.