Transportation infrastructure is an important link and bridge for the“interconnected”countries along the Belt and Road. This paper selects 82 countries along the route from 2006 to 2017 as research objects,using gravity model to study the total quality of transportation infrastructure in host countries and the impact of subcategory transportation infrastructure iuality on trade cooperation. The paper finds: the quality of the transportation infrastructure of the host country has significantly promoted bilateral trade cooperation, with a 1% increase in quality and a 3% increase in bilateral trade; China’s GDP, the host country’s GDP, and its Economic Freedom Index all significantly promote bilateral trade cooperation, while the host country’s per capita GDP is weak, and bilateral trade cooperation has“neighboring effect”and“trade inertia”. In terms of categories, the quality of port facilities has the greatest effect on bilateral trade, the quality of highway facilities is second, the quality of aviation facilities is the weakest, and the quality of railway facilities has“lag”. Joining the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank has significantly promoted bilateral trade cooperation. In the Belt and Road Initiatives, facilities connection has received positive response, and interconnection has achieved initial results.