United States-Tariff Measures on Certain Goods from China stemmed from the unilateral tariff measures imposed by the United States on China in accordance with its so-called 301 investigation. The panel report encouraged bilateral negotiations parallel to the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, finding that the United States has violated the most favored nation obligation and it could not invoke the“public moral”exception. As the first case of the tariff series cases, this case is of great reference for understanding and application of the exception provisions in Article XX of GATT and Articles 12.7 and 23 of the DSU. In the face of challenges from the United States over its abuse of Section 301, China still has a long way to go to protect its rights and interests with international law against the background of the prevailing unilateralism and the paralysis of the WTO appellate body.