The Declaration on the establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO) clearly proposed the opening of the negotiation agenda for investment facilitation, and this theme was emphasized in many summit declarations later. The Charter of the SCO promotes the process of investment facilitation from the perspective of organizational law. In addition, memoranda and protocols were signed as soft law. However, at present, the international community has not yet formed a unified definition of investment facilitation. Combined with the regulations of APEC, RCEP and China’s Foreign Investment Law, the definition of investment facilitation of the SCO refers to a series of actions or practices taken by member states to attract foreign investment, maximize its management effectiveness and efficiency at all stages of the investment cycle, and ensure transparency, procedural simplification and predictability, and cover the above measures to meet the integration of the SCO Free Trade Area. In view of the problems of sustainable development caused by the purpose of attracting foreign investment in the member countries of the SCO, the opacity of the negative list has become the most prominent obstacle to the facilitation of the investment access stage. As a measure to maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of investment management behavior, the“single window”of international investment has not been promoted, and the transparency and predictability of national security review are still insufficient. The countermeasures refer to flowing methods: firstly, revising or negotiating the bilateral investment treaties of member states. It includes unifying the expression of sustainable development in the preamble, promoting the“single window”clause of international investment, and adding a procedure simplification clause. The second is to formulate the SCO Free Trade Agreement, and provide a basic legal guarantee for the SCO Free Trade Area which is the ultimate goal of SCO economic cooperation. Thirdly, giving play to the leading role of Chinese legislation involves revising the Special Administrative Measures on Access to Foreign Investment (negative list) and improving the regulations of the national security review department under the conditions of transparency and predictability.