Based on the World Bank Deep Trade Agreement Database, this paper calculates the depth of regional trade agreements signed between China and other countries from 2000 to 2018, and uses the product data provided by CEPII-BACI to test the influence of the depth of regional trade agreements on the quality of Chinese export products. The results show that the deepening of regional trade agreement texts can significantly improve the quality of China’s export products, and the clauses outside WTO rules have a greater impact on the quality of export products. Further research shows that the deepening of the agreement text signed between China and developing countries has a more significant effect on improving the quality of Chinese export products, and the deepening of the agreement text is more conducive to promoting the export quality of differentiated products. Mechanism analysis shows that the text of regional trade agreements can promote the quality upgrade of Chinese export products by reducing bilateral trade costs and improving domestic business environment. The conclusions of this paper provide policy reference for China to build a high-level free trade zone and achieve high-quality trade development.