Based on the external environmental impact of enterprises such as technology spillovers, digital economy development and market competition, the paper puts forward the theoretical mechanism and hypothesis of the role of digital product imports on enterprises’total factor productivity; and the index measurement methods of digital product import and enterprise total factor productivity are studied. Then, the panel data of the enterprise level from 2000 to 2013 are used for empirical testing, the following main conclusions are drawn. (1) Digital product import can significantly promote the improvement of total factor productivity of enterprises. (2) After distinguishing product categories, the import of digital capital goods and ICT products plays a more significant role in improving enterprise productivity. After distinguishing the types of enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises play a greater role in importing digital products than state-owned enterprises and private enterprises. In terms of different trade modes, the promotion effect of enterprises adopting processing trade mode is superior to mixed trade and general trade. After distinguishing industries, we find that the technology spillover effect of capital intensive industries is greater than that of labor-intensive industries. (3) The import of digital products promotes the improvement of total factor productivity of enterprises through technological innovation. Market competition has a regulatory effect on it, while the regulatory effect of local digital economy level is not significant. Based on this, this paper believes that differentiation should be emphasized, preferential measures for the import categories of digital products should be refined, enterprises should be guided and encouraged to carry out digital trade, and different types of digital products should be imported according to the industry category and the nature of enterprises, so as to maximize the effect of digital product import technology spillover.