The nationality rules of arbitrators is an important basis for arbitration institutions to appoint arbitrators. The purpose of nationality rules is to ensure arbitrators’neutrality, which means arbitrators’cultural background is neutral to the cultural background of both parties’states, in that to eliminate the possibility of bias or prejudice against one party by the arbitral tribunal. In the substantive side, the content of nationality rules is related to the recognition of technical nationality and other close connections between the arbitrator and both parties’states. In the procedural side, the content of nationality rules is related to their extent of effectiveness and scope of application. The substantive and procedural side of nationality rules vary among different arbitration institutions, due to the different emphasis on the fairness value of the arbitrators’neutrality and the efficiency value of successfully constitution of arbitral tribunal. It is inevitable for China’s arbitration institutions to construct their own nationality rules, to regulate the participation of foreign arbitrators in China's arbitration, and to improve the credibility of arbitration by ensuring arbitrators’neutrality.