The establishment of security exception clause in international economic and trade rules has alleviated the contradiction between trade promotion and national security. However, with the change of international situation, especially the emergence of emerging industries, the scope of application of security exception clause has drawn popular attention and discussion from international community. The WTO dispute settlement mechanism has defined security exception clause through multiple practices, which reflects its legal certainty. However, the new generation of FTA has blurred the scope of application of security exception clause, attempting to expand the scope of application of traditional security exception clause and reconstruct security exception clause under the WTO by modifying the scope of the contracting party’s discretion, incorporating non-traditional security content such as government procurement and infrastructure, as well as adding procedural provisions. The importance of security exception clause has been recognized in the current FTAs signed by China, and there is a trend to expand the scope of application of security exception clause. However, compared with the rapidly changing international situation, both the quantity and content of the text still need to be further improved. In the future, under the premise of actively signing FTA, the scope of application of security exception clause can be appropriately expanded to include non-traditional security content such as infrastructure security. However, the scope of self-determination should also be classified and restricted.