In the context of China’s efforts to expand the high-standard global free trade zone network and deepen global value chain competition and cooperation, this paper explores the role of different types of free trade agreement provisions in the bilateral global value chain participation between member countries. By separating the depth of trade agreements into the product and factor provision depth according to the functions of trade agreement provisions, this paper investigates how two types of provision depth affect bilateral GVC participation of the member countries respectively and how the depth of factor provisons affect the relationship between the depth of product provisions and GVC participation. We find that the depeening of both product and factor provisions has a significant role in promoting GVC participation of the member countries, and the deepening of product provisions can strength the positive impact of product provision depth on the GVC participation.