The promotion of openness and cooperation in the context of cross-border data flows is accompanied by the accelerated development of digital geopolitics, which poses challenges and threats to national security, data sovereignty and individual privacy protection. The balancing of the relationship between openness and security of data is particularly critical. The governance framework of cross-border data flow in digital trade rules focuses on three core areas: cross-border data flow and localization of data storage, personal information rights and privacy protection mechanism, and cross-border data intellectual property protection and promotion. An in-depth analysis of the digital trade rules and the governance mechanism of cross-border data flows between China and the U.S. reveals significant differences in the core interests and paths of the two sides. China has demonstrated unique advantages in this area, but also faces complex international challenges.In the game of global data governance, especially in the context of the U.S. data“lockdown”strategy, China should insist on data security and development in parallel, gradually open up data flows, and build a cross-border data flow rule system with Chinese characteristics.