As digital technology continues to reshape the landscape of global trade, establishing a digital trade rule system aligned with national interests has become the focal point of competition among countries. This paper attempts to analyze the coordinated evolution between the two layers of the WTO and RTAs driven by digital technology, and conducts a comparative analysis of RTAs. Digital technology serves as the key driving force for the evolution of digital trade rules, which is also influenced by the interaction between digital trade rules at the WTO and RTA levels, specifically manifested as path dependence and institutional complementarity of existing digital trade rules. The substantive innovation of digital trade rules at the RTA level does not lie in the simple inheritance of those at the WTO level, but in breaking through the established path and realizing rule reconstruction featuring the coordinated evolution of technology and institutions. Nevertheless, leading economies have formed new initial paths in the process of exploring regional rules based on their own strengths and weaknesses in digital technology, while other countries participate by concluding RTAs and form institutional blocs, which further gives rise to digital trade rule templates and intensifies the trend of“fragmentation”. However, different templates, by converging partial consensuses, in turn continuously drive the adaptive transformation of the WTO digital trade rule system. This paper provides a theoretical reference for constructing a digital trade rule system with a“China template”.